LASERS
General
Development of laser began in 1960. More and more laser
types using different laser media and wavelengths were
developed in the years that followed. Due to its variety
of possible applications, the laser is used as a tool in a
great number of areas in industry and research.
How to select lasers?
The term LASER is an acronym, the name was selected due to
the way radiation is generated |
| L |
Light |
| A |
Amplification |
| S |
by Stimulated |
| E |
Emission |
| R |
of Radiation |
|
Due to this special method of generating
radiation, the laser beam, when compared to "Conventional"
white light, has the following properties:
- - insignificant beam divergence, i.e. the light is
emitted in a defined direction
- narrow spectral band width, i.e. the light has only
one wavelength
- high energy density, i.e. high levels of output can
be achieved
- short pulses of light can be generated.
Laser is for example used for porcessing material
(marking, cutting, welding, drilling measurement
technology (Holography, speed measurement) or also in
medical areas operations).
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Why
Laser marking ?
how laser marking different from other inscriptions?Advantages of laser inscription compared to
other inscription procedures
- economical production of small lots (from 1 piece)
- different data sets possible (serial number, date,
time)
- no set- up times, even with different products /
material
- no tool wear and tear
- layouts can be freely programmed, i.e. no film or
similar required
- non-contact inscription of the product, i.e. no
mechanical damage
- inscription is virtually permanent and forgery-proof
- no pre-treatment required (eg removing grease from
product/ cleaning of product
- environmentally-friendly as no solvents or similar
are required
- minimum maintenance required
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What
is the basic of Laser marking?
The laser consists of
- A laser active medium (solid ,liquid ,gas),
- A pump source,
- A pump source as well as two mirrors (rear mirror,
output coupler)
The laser active medium is excited by an energy source.
This energy is converted into laser radiation. This
radiation is reflected back and forward between both
mirrors. Each time radiation passes through the laser
active medium, further “light particles” are emitted
(stipulated emission) and the beam is amplified (light
amplification). Part of this radiation is out coupled;
this out coupled beam represents the laser beam.
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Laser
types
Depending on the type of the lase-active medium, lasers
are divided into the following groups:
a) Solid state laser (E.g. Nd: YAG- Neobdyn: Yttrium-Aluminium-Granat)
The laser-active medium is present in the form of a
crystal. The crystal is excited by means of a lamp
(lamp-pumped) or by diodes (Diode-pumped)
b) Gas laser (e.g. HeNe, CO2)
The laser active medium is present in the form of gas. The
gas is excited by means of high frequency pulse.
c) Liquid laser The laser active medium is present in the
form of a liquid. The liquid is excited by means lamp.
d) Semi-conductor laser (e.g. laser diodes)
The laser process for these lasers is realized in the pn-
junction sector of the conductor material.
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How
to choose laser?
Basis of selection : selection of best laser is dependent
on, the inscription job (time available, inscription
depth, inscription volume, inscription type,---).
1- Nd :YAG (SK 90) and diode pumped (SK 86-E) :-
-All metals- the
lamp-pumped system is preferred for use as it provides a
higher output power. e.g., steel , brass, aluminum can be
inscribed.
- Tools, e.g., screwdrivers, saw blades, ball bearings
- Car industry e.g., brake disks, H4 Lamps, Shafts
- Other e.g., stamps, keys, deep engraving for making
moulds, nameplates, rulers
Know more
-Plastics-the
lamp pumped laser as well as diode pumped system can be
used for marking on synthetics.
- Bottle sealing caps
- Water meter/Water counter
- Electronic industry: fuse covers, hair dryers and
energy saving lamps, continuity tester, fuse housings,
cables, connectors, car keys.
- Others, e.g. mobile phone keyboards, tubes, plastic
handles.
Know more
- Day and night
design is a procedure of removing lacquer, such products
are mainly used in the car industry e.g., for instrument
panels, switches or radios.
2-
CO2 laser:
- Organic material, such as wood, paper, cardboard,
etc.
- Glass
- Transparent synthetics
- Silicone
- Leather
Know more
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General |
How to select laser? |
Why laser marking |
What is basic of
laser marking | Laser type |
How to chose laser |
CO2 laser |
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